American History

24. Discuss the legacies and consequences of Christopher Columbus’s excursion into the “New World”. How was his voyage in 1492 during the “Scientific Revolution” important to Europe and what opportunities or drawbacks did his presence represent during this period of world history? What groups were the most impacted and why?
Describe the Spanish conquest into the “New World” and in particular its impacts on Indigenous and Amerindian cultures in the Americas. How and when did Hernan Cortez Conquer Central Mexico and the Aztec Empire which was vastly larger than the men he had with him on the mission? What made this conquest unique?
What was the impact of Martin Luther and John Calvin? How did the Reformation of Protestantism Challenge the Roman Catholic Church and the hierarchy of Europe’s elite? How did this impact the decisions by early puritans to venture out and away from the Anglican Church (which was viewed as still imitating Catholicism) to North America and begin a new chapter in human civilization?
Life was harsh and volatile on early settlers who came to the early United States in the 17th Century and truthfully many perished and did not survive the early years. Discuss early life in specific regions of Colonial North America. In addition, how did Europeans and Indians view and interpret gender differences from one another? How was farming, animism, marriage, sex, children, family, divorce, and property ownership viewed?
What triggered the American Revolution from the point of view of reaching “Liberty” from an ideological perspective? What Philosophers and intellectuals did the American Forefathers call upon or cite during the period that challenged the British Empire in North America?
Illustrate the major critical events that led to the American Revolution. What was the response by both sides to violence, attacks, and threats? What were the legacies and consequences of the “Radicals” such as the “Sons of Liberty”? What do you believe was the height of the colonial crisis and what ultimately ended it?

Columbus’s explorations into the Americas led to European colonization and the subsequent exploitation of the people of the region. Europeans as well as the America immediately started trading with one another (Tempo and Diner 2022). Tobacco and potatoes are just some of the American plants which were brought to Europe. As a result of this process, it facilitated the movement to slaves Africa across the Americas. The spread of infectious diseases by immigrants and explorers caused destruction in indigenous groups. The colonizers’ arrival led to the death as well as displacements of large majority native people. Animals, people, crops and diseases were spread across various communities because of the Columbian Exchange. Within the United States, wheat from the Old World has replaced many other cereals (Dubois and Turits, 2019,). One of the negative outcomes of Columbus’s expeditions was the spreading of diseases and the resulting deaths. Diseases that spread across Asia, Europe, and large portions of Africa didn’t reach the pre-Columbian America. The indigenous peoples of the Americas are immune to several of the diseases which affect other civilizations that have cattle. Cont…